Known and recognised for its US stock market indices, NASDAQ (an acronym for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) also offers European indices. Similar to their US counterparts, these indices aim to measure stock market performance in Europe. The Nasdaq European indices cover the Stockholm, Copenhagen, Helsinki, Tallinn, Riga, Vilnius, Osla and Reykjavik stock exchanges. Founded in 1971, Nasdaq mainly represents the technology industry. As a result, Nasdaq indices can be more volatile than average. From technology giants to digital start-ups, Nasdaq-listed companies are generally growing fast or have done so in the past. Relatively cyclical and sensitive to economic conditions, these tech companies can nonetheless be riskier than the average, particularly in the event of a rise in interest rates that could affect their financing capacity. To develop their solutions and reach critical mass, these companies can sometimes take several years to reach profitability. This is a growth phase during which they can be particularly vulnerable. On the other hand, once they have reached maturity, these companies can sometimes enjoy unique competitive advantages, due for example to the network effect characteristic of digital platforms. Over the years, the composition of the Nasdaq indices has evolved in line with technological trends. Their representativeness is guaranteed by the application of criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of companies, based in particular on their size and the liquidity of their securities.